Hailing from the pristine mountain slopes, the Himalayan Mulberry is a special gift of nature. Unlike its other more commonly known cousins, this variety of mulberry stands out not only in flavor but also in form, with its long, finger-like fruits that can grow up to 10 cm in length and are packed with sweetness, juice, and nutrients.
The Himalayan Mulberry: A Sweet Treasure from the Mountains
Although the Himalayan Mulberry may not be as globally known as the other berries, but among those who have tasted its rich flavor and experienced its many benefits, it is cherished as a treasure of the mountains. A single bite releases a burst of flavor that is either sweet or somewhere between blackberry and fig, with a floral, slightly tangy undertone.
Special Features of The Himalayan Mulberry:
When it comes to nature’s hidden gems—the Himalayan Mulberry—locally known as Shahtoot, holds a prominent place. It belongs to Moraceae family, which includes figs and jackfruit. Native to the Himalayan region, this unique gem can thrive at elevations ranging from 1,000–2,300 meters. The fruit itself is striking, elongated, luscious, and can be white, pink, purple-black, or red when ripe.
What is the Himalayan Mulberry?
Native to the high-altitude regions of Himalayas, this delightful fruit is scientifically called Morus macroura. It grows on the serene and untouched mountain slopes of the Himalayas. What sets this fruit apart from other mulberries is not just its taste but also its striking appearance. The fruit is more luscious, juicy, and can vary in color—white, pink, deep purple-black, or red—depending on the variety and ripeness. A single bite reveals a rich, sweet flavor that lingers on the tongue for a long time. Many describe it as a mix between blackberry and fig, with floral notes and a subtle tangy undertone that adds complexity to its taste.
The Tree Characteristics:
The tree the Himalayan Mulberry itself is just as fascinating as its fruit. It’s a deciduous tree, which means it sheds its leaves annually, with a broad, spreading canopy that sometimes develops a graceful, weeping form. Its branches are strong and sturdy, which often invite children to climb or making the perfect support for a treehouse.
Preferable Environment:
The Himalayan Mulberry prefers cool to moderate climates and doesn’t fare well in regions with excessive heat. It is well-suited for the hilly terrains, making it a familiar presence in the landscapes of Northern India, Nepal, Bhutan, parts of southern China, Pakistan, and Tibet. It is also found in the mountainous parts of Indonesia and in the rainforests of Indochina. The tree blooms in spring, and the fruits usually ripen by the early summer, dotting the branches with vibrant, elongated berries that attract birds, insects, and of course, the eager humans, with the ground under it always some of its fruits for them to eat, if they don’t want a labour for it.
Varieties of Himalayan Mulberry:
Though Morus macroura is the primary species referred to as the Himalayan Mulberry, there are several varieties and close relatives exist within the region. For instance:
- Afghan Mulberry: Known for its thick, exceptionally sweet berries.
- Pakistan Mulberry: Characterized by its long, thin, and juicy fruits.
Each variety brings its own twist in terms of its flavor, size, and appearance, but all share the underlying richness that makes the Himalayan Mulberry special in all respects.
Nutritional Profile and Health Benefits:
Often hailed as the “king” of fruiting mulberries, Shahtoot is not just a treat for the palate—it’s in fact a nutritional powerhouse. Packed with vitamins and minerals, it plays a beneficial role in the overall wellness.
Key Nutrients:
- Vitamin C: Helps in boosting the immune system and fight infections.
- Vitamin A: Supports a healthy vision and skin.
- Vitamin E: Offers an antioxidant protection and aids skin health.
- Iron: Vital for red blood cell production and the energy levels.
- Potassium: Helps in regulating blood pressure.
- Dietary Fiber: Supports in digestion and gut health.
Health Benefits:
- Boosts Immunity: The high vitamin C content in the Himalayan Mulberry helps the body ward off infections and recover faster from common illnesses.
- Aids Digestion: Its rich fiber content aids in digestion, and help prevent constipation, reduce bloating, and maintain a healthy gut.
- Improves Vision: Thanks to vitamin A, its regular consumption can support better eyesight and reduce the risk of age-related vision issues.
- Heart Health: The antioxidants and flavonoids in the Himalayan Mulberry are known to help reduce blood pressure, improve circulation, and lower the risk of heart disease.
- Anti-Aging Properties: Antioxidants that are found in the fruit combat free radicals, promoting youthful skin and reducing signs of aging.
Culinary Uses:
One of the reasons for the popularity of the fruit in the Himalayan region is its versatility in the kitchen. In traditional households, the Himalayan Mulberry is often enjoyed fresh off the tree—a childhood memory for many who grew up in the hills. However, its uses go far beyond that.
Culinary Delights:
- Jams and Syrups: The intense sweetness and fragrance of the fruit make it perfect for preserves.
- Herbal Teas and Drinks: Its dried form can be steeped to make aromatic infusions.
- Desserts: Used in tarts, the ice creams, crumbles, and cakes.
- Homemade Wine or Vinegar: Fermented Shahtoot yields rich, and fruity wine or tangy vinegar.
- Natural Food Colorant: The vibrant color of the ripe fruit makes it an excellent natural dye for the sweets and baked goods.
Its flavor complements both sweet and savory dishes, and its use in experimental modern cuisines is slowly gaining a popularity.
Growing Shahtoot at Home:
If you have access to a suitable climate and enough garden space, cultivating a Himalayan Mulberry tree can be deeply rewarding for you. In addition to the delicious harvest, the tree adds beauty to your landscape and attracts birds and butterflies.
Growing Conditions:
- Climate: The cool to moderate climates are ideal.
- Soil: It prefers well-drained, and fertile soil.
- Sunlight: It needs full to partial sunlight for optimal fruiting.
- Watering: Moderate watering is sufficient; while avoid soggy soil.
- Propagation: Best grown through cuttings or grafts for consistency in the fruit quality.
- Harvest Time: Typically, in summer, when the fruits darken and soften.
With minimal care, the tree will yield for you, delicious fruits year after year.
Cultural and Medicinal Importance:
The Himalayan Mulberry is not just a source of nutrition and culinary delight—it holds deep cultural and medicinal significance. In Ayurveda and Tibetan traditional medicine, this fruit and its leaves have been used for centuries. The remedies include its use in:
- Treating sore throats and coughs
- Reducing the fever
- Supporting the liver health
- Enhancing overall vitality
In some rural Himalayan communities, the Himalayan Mulberry tree is considered sacred. It is associated with fertility, and abundance, as well as the seasonal cycles. Its presence in village compounds often marks as a place of rest and storytelling.
Conservation Note
Like many native Himalayan species, Morus macroura faces threats from deforestation, and urbanization, or habitat loss. As its natural range shrinks, so does the population of this precious tree. Conservation efforts—both governmental and grassroots—are vital to protect this precious species. Encouraging home cultivation the Himalayan Mulberry, promoting traditional knowledge, and raising awareness about its ecological and cultural importance can all help safeguard this gem for future generations.
Final Thoughts
The Himalayan Mulberry is much more than a fruit name. It’s a sweet link to the mountains, which is steeped in tradition, culture, nutrition, and natural beauty. Whether you enjoy it fresh from its tree, turn it into a homemade jam, or sip it in a tea, Shahtoot offers more than just flavor—it offers you a story. A story of resilience, richness, and the quiet wonders that nature holds in its folds. So the next time you’re thinking of trying something new, look to the hills—and discover the quiet magic of the Himalayan Mulberry.
